Hydrocarbon-engine.



M. TIBBETTS.

HYDROCARBON ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.1. 19m.

1,197,566. Patented Sept. 5, 1916.

. .3 SHEETSSHEET 1.

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M. TIBBETTS.

HYDROCARBON ENGlNE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.1.1910.

Patented Sept. 1916.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

M. TIBBETTS.

HYDROCARBON ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 1. 1910.-

1, 1 97,5 6 6 Patented Sept. 5, 1916.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

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UNITED s ATns PATENT omen.

MILTON TIBBETTS, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR T0 PACKARD MOTOR CARCOMPANY, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, A CORPORATION MICHIGAN.

HYDROGARBON-ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

' To all cohom' it may concern Be it known that I, MILTON Trnnn'rrs, acitizen of the United States, and resident of Detroit, Wayne county,State of Michigan, have-invented certain new and useful Improvements inHydrocarbon- Engines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to hydrocarbon motors andparticularly to the;.type'employing sleeve valves to'control the Operation thereof. In thepresent constructions of sleeve valve I motors, the valves 1 are mountedbe tween the piston and the cylinder walls, and

therefore aresubject to hot gases and have not been effectively cooledand lubricated.

One of the objects of this invention is to locate the sleeves away fromthe combustion chamber, so that they are not subject to the directaction of the hot gases and may be effectively cooled and lubricated.

It is usual to operate valves of this type by eccentrics located in thecrank case and connected to the valve'sleeves by connecting rods. It hasalso been proposed to operate the valves by an eccentric shaft on top ofthe cylinder. This latter method of operation is objectionable due tothe noise and wearof the gears, at least two pairs of bevel gears .beingrequired in order to transmit the motion from thecrank shaft to theshaft on top of the engine.

Another object of this invention therefore is to provide anoperatingmechanism for the valves which will-not be open to the aboveobjections.

Further objects will appear from the,detail description, taken. inconnection with the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is avertical section through one.

of the cylinders of a motor embodying this invention; Fig. 2 is avertical longitudinal section showing a multi-cy-linder motor; Fig. 3 isa section of a part of one of the cylinders of the motor, embodyinganother form of valve mechanism; and Figs. 4 and 5 are additional viewsillustrating the form shown in Fig. 3 I

In Figs. 1 and 2, the invention is shown as applied to a four-cylindermotor. In this type of motor, the cylinders are usually cast in pairsand bolted on a single crank case, in which operates the crank shaft.The crank case is composed of an upper section 10, an

intermediate section 11, and a lower action 12, which latter sectionforms the oil well in which the cranks of the crank shaft 13 dip for thepurpose of lubricating the motor according to the splash luln'icatingsystem. One of the cylinders is indicated in Fig. 1 by the referencecharacter 14, and is provided with an extension 15 which is preferablycontractcdso as to be of smaller diameter than the rest of thecylinder,.aud which forms a combustion chamber 16 of smaller diameterthan the cylinder proper.- 'The cylinder wall is water jacketed as shownat 17 and communicates with the water jacket 18 in the head orcontracted portion 15, the water jacket or water space 18 beingseparated from the combustion chamber. by a partition 19. The water isdischarged from .the cylinder by means of a pipe 18. A pistonQOreciprwates in the cylinder and is connected to the crank shaft bymeans of a connor-ting rod 21. A casino surrounds the contracted portion15 ano forms therewith an annular valve chan'ibei'. Inlet and OX- liaustports 23, 2-1 respectively, extend through the walls of the cylinderdirectly below the partition 19 as shown. and these ports'arc controlledby a pair of valve sleeves and 26, which slide onthe contracted portion15 of the cylinder and connect the cylinder ports ith the inlet andexhaust manifolds. The outer valve sleeve 25 is provided with inlet andexhaust ports27 and 28 respectively, and the inner sleeve with inlet andexhaust ports 29 and '30 respectively; The contracted portion of thecylinder is provided with piston rings so as to make a good gas tightjoint between the valve sleeves and the cylinder. The cylinder headshave each mounted upon .them a support 31 in which are mounted a pair ofshafts 32 and 36 which extend across the upper ends of the cylinders asshown 1n F ig. 2. The shaft 32 has mounted upon it a pair of arms 33which connect by links 3% with cross bars 35 connected to the outersleeve of cylinder 1 and inner sleeve of cylinder 2, and a pair of arms33 which have asimilar connection .to inner sleeve of cylinder 3 andouter sleeve of cylinder 4. A pair of arms 37 on shaft 36 have a similarconnection with the inner sleeve of cylinder 1 and outer sleeveofcylinder 3, and a pair of arms 37 have a similar connection with theouter sleeve of cylinder 2 and the inner sleeve of cylinder 4-. The rockshafts 31 and 32 have secured theretoa pair of arms and 39 connected bylinks. 40 and 41 with eccentrics 42 and i3. These e entries arePatent-ed Sept. 5, 1916.

displaced 90 and are mounted upon an eccentric shaft which is drivenfrom the crank shaft by a two-toonc chain gearing, so as to drive theeccentric shaft at half speed, This construction is shown in detail inFig. 2, and diagrannnatically in Fig. 1. The casing is provided with aflange 15 which is bolted to a shoulder -16 011 the cylinder, and isfurther provided-with a cover plate 47. The arms 38, 39 and theconnections to the eccentric shaft including the chain gearing, arepreferably inclosed by a housing 48, which may be integral with one pairof'eylinders and with the crank case. The annular valve chamber formedbetween the casing 522 and the extended part of the cylinder 15 issupplied with oil through the pumping action of the sleeves inconnection with the inlet pipe 49 leading from the lower part of thecrank case and having a check valve 49 therein, and the outlet oroverflow pipe .50 leading to the crank ease and having a check valve 5Owhich permits the oil to flow outwardly but not inwardly.

The operation of the'valve sleeves will be obvious, the ports in thesleeves operating to control the motor on t 1e four-stroke cycle, and inthe order 1-2-43. The valve sleeves are located outside of the cylinderand out of direct contact with the hot gases in the cylinder and thecombustion chamber, and a water jacket is interposed between the entireintervening space between the cylinder and the sleeves. This insuresthat the valve sleeves will be kept cool, preventing sticking due toexpansion, etc. By contracting the head, the total diameter of thecylinder is not increased beyond. the normal, and thus the cylinders canbe placed close together which desirable especially in motor vehiclepractice.

in, view of the fact that the eccentrics are placed 90 apart, it ispossible to operate all the valves of a four cylinder motor with tworock shafts, and the practically direct connection between theeccentrics and the rock shaft by means of the links will obviate thenoise and w var of the bevel gears present in the prior constructions.

In the operation of the motor, in view of the fact that the 'alvesleeves are less than 180 apart, the atmosphere in the annular valvechamber below the valves will be alternately rarefied and compressed.The sleeves will therefore operate as a pump to pump the oil from thecrank case into the valve chamber. The pipe 50 acts as an overflow pipe.

Figs. 3, l and 5 show a construction in which the casing .22 itself iswater jacketed, and in which a single port performs the functions ofboth inlet and exhaust ports so that the total port area; an be amaximum. The casing surrounding the valve sleeves is here indicated by60, andthe water jacket effect constitutes an extension thereof. The

contracted upper or head portion 15 of the cylinder is of similarconstruction to that shown in Fig. 1, except that in this case thecylinder, that is the contracted portion thereof, is provided with asingle set of ports (33 which extend practically entirely around thecylinder, the upper portion containing the partition 19 being supportedfrom the main portion of the cylinder by a series of ribs (3? or in anyother suitable manner, The inner and outer valve sleeves are providedwith ports 64 and 65 which also extend practically around the entirecylinder, the parts of the sleeve being connected by portions (94 and(55. The upper end of the outer sleeve is enlarged at 66 so as to form aspace 67 between the sleeves. The valve casing 60 is provided with inletpassages 68 and exhaust passages (59, connected with the inlet andexhaust manifolds respectively. When the valves are in the positionsshown in Figs. 3 and 4, the interior of the cylinder will be incommunication with the exhaust manifold, while when the valves are inthe position shown in Fig. 5, the interior of the cylinder will be incommunication with the inlet manifold. The sleeves are operated atapproximately 90 apart and therefore the single port in the inner sleeveis always moving past the eylinder port at the time the outer sleeve isin its two extreme positions. It will thus be seen that with thisconstruction a single cyl inder port performs the function of both inletand exhaust ports, and therefore the opening of this port can be amaxinulm since it extends practically entirely around the cylinder, thusproviding for a .maximum admission of the chargeand the quick andperfect exhaust of the burnt gases, and thereby increasing the power andelliciency of the motor. Fig. 3 shows at 70 an igniter plug and themethod of mounting the same in the cylinder. i

It is obvious that various changes may he made in the details ofconstruction without departing from this invention, and it is thereforeto be understood that this invention is not to be limitedto the specificcon-- struction shown and described.

Havin'g thus-described the invention, what is claimed is:

1. In a hydrocarbon motor, thecomliinationwith a crank shaft and .ap'lurality of cylinders located in line, of valve sleeves forsaidcylimlers, a air of rock-shafts extending across the tops of saidcylinders and con nected'to operate said sleeves, and ,means for tionwith a crank shaft and a plurality of cylinders located in line, of 'apair of valve sleeves for each cylinder, a )air of operating shaftsextending across. t 'e tops of said cylinders, means operativelyconnecting each; of said shafts with one valve sleeveof each of saidcylinders, and means for operating said operating shafts from saidmrankshaft;

3. Ina hydrocarbon moton'the combination with four cylinders thereof anda crank shaft, of a plurality of sliding valves for each cylinder, apair of rock shafts mounted on the upper parts of the cylinders,connections from said rock shafts to the valves of the four cylindersfor operating said valves,

and -means for operating the. rock shafts from the crank Shaft.

4. In a hydrocarbonmotor, the combination with four cylinders thereofand a crank shaft, of a plurality of sliding valves for each cylinder, apair of rock shafts mounted on the upper parts 'of the cylinders,connections from said rock shafts tothe valves of. the'founpylinders foroperating said valves,

the rock shafts from the crank shaft.

5 6. In a hydrocarbon motor,' the combina tion with a cylinder having asingle inlet and outlet .port, of valve sleeves surrounding the upperend of the cylinder and controlling the inlet and outlet of gasesthroughsaid port, and a piston. operating in said cylinder below saidsleeves. v

7. In a hydrocarbon motor, the combination with a cylinder having acontracted portion and a single inlet and outlet port in said portion,of a piston in said cylinder below saidportion, and valve mechanism forcontrolling thel inletand outlet of gases through said port finclu'dinga valve sleeve.

engaging said portion. p x

8. In a hydRQcarbon motor, the combination with a cylinder having acontracted head and a single inlet and outlet port therein, of valvesleeves surrounding said head and controlling the inlet and outlet ofgases through saidport, and a piston operating in said cylinder. v

9. In a hydrocarbon motor, the combination with a cylinder having acontracted portion, of a piston in said cylinder below said portion, acasing surrounding said portion and forming therewith an annular va-lve'chamber, valve mechanism including a valve sleeve in said chamber, acrank case, an oil conduit connecting said crank case and chamber, andmeans for operating said valve sleeve. 4

10. In a hydrocarbon motor, the combination with a cylinder, of valvesleeves surrounding the upper end of the cylinder, a piston operating inthe cylinder entirely below the sleeves, and a detachablev water 1jacketed casing of no greater diameter than the cylinder surroundingsaid sleeves.

11. In a hydrocarbon motor, the combination with a cylinder having acontracted portion, of a. piston in said cylinder below said portion, adetachable water jacketed casing surrounding said portion and formingtherewith an annular valve chamber, the diameter of the outer wall ofwhich is less than the outer diameter of the cylinder wall,

and valve mechanism including a valve sleeve in said chamber.

12. In a hydrocarbon motor, the combina- --tion with a cylinder having acontracted portion of-a piston in said cylinder below said portion, acasing surrounding said portion and forming therewith an annular valvechamber, valve mechanlsm lncludmg a valve sleeve in said chamber, meansincluding said valve sleeve as an active element for lubrieating thebearing surfaces w1th1n said valve chamber, and means for operating saidvalve sleeve.

13. In a hydrocarbon motor, the combina-.

tion with a plurality of cylinders each comprising a portion in whicht'e-piston operatesand two cylindrical portions arranged concentricallyabove the piston portion and one of which forms an integral extension ofthe piston portion and the other of which is detachably secured to thepiston portion making a tight joint therewith, said cylindrical portionsbeing separated from each other to form an annular valve chambertherebetween, and said cylindrical portions having cooperating ports, ofa sleeve valve arranged in said annular chamber and adapted to controlsaid ports, an operating shaft common to two or more of said cylinders,bearings for said operating shaft on the said integral cylindricalportion of said cylinders, and connections from said shaft to the valvesof two or more, of said cylinders for operating the valves, and meansforactuating the shaft from the motor crank shaft.

In testimony whereof I afliX my signa ure in presence of two witnesses.

MILTON TIBBETTS.

' Witnesses: I

W. H. F INCKEL, Jr., C. J. DALE.

